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| The Arms of the de Gontaut-Biron (Source 1) |
The Gontaut-Biron are an ancient family that date from at least 926AD. The family established themselves in the province of Guyenne in the west part of France near Bordeaux. Through marriage, the family acquired the baronnie de Biron in Périgord. Moreover, the family was divided into three branches:
1) de Gontaut-Biron (Circa 1127)
2) de Gontaut-Badefol; and (1223)
3) de Gaontaut-Saint-Geniez (1423)
The senior branch of the family are the Gontaut-Biron (Source 3).
The archives of France speak of a certain Gontaut family that donated either money or land to the Abby of Abbon. The family appears also as Barons and members of the court of William the Conqueror (1028-1087). A certain Pierre de Gontaut appears on official documents as early as 1118 (Source 4).
Titles of the Family:
1) Seigneur de Biron and Baron de BIRON
2) Baron de PÉRIGORD
3) DUCS de BIRON et de LAUZUN
4) Pairs de France
5) Marquis de BRIZEMBOURG et de MOY
6) Marquis de SAINT BLANCARD (1776)
7) Barons de CHEFBOUTONNE de la CHAPELLE et de LAUZIÈRES
8) Counts and Marquis de GONTAUT-BIRON
9) Barons de SALAGNAC
10) Marquis d'ARROS and Barons de LOUBRESSAC et de GRAMAT
11) Countess de CABRERËS
12) Barons de BADEFOL et de SAINT GENIÈS
13) Marquis de LANZAC
14) Barons de CUSORN
15) Viscount de SAINT JLLIEN
16) Viscount de GONTAUT-BIRON
17) Marquis de CHATEAUNEUF etc etc (Source 4)
[Note: the order of appearance of these titles do not necessarily follow the chronological order when a member of the Gontaut family received GRACE from the King of France]
Coat of Arms:
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| (Image Source 4) |
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The Gontaut-Biron as Peers of France and Marshals of the Kingdom
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| Devicse: "PERIT, SED IN ARMIS (GONE BUT IN ARMS)" |
Abbreviated Genealogy (1127-Present)
Lords (Seigneurs) de Biron
Gaston de GONTAUT (1127-1190), Seigneur de Biron
Married Ne de Biron (circa 1130-) and issued: Henry and Vital
Henry de GONTAUT (1144-1236)
Married 1188 to Ne de BEYNAC (1165-1241) and issued: Raymonde, Vital, Gaston II, and Pierre.
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| La Maison de BEYNAC (Public Domain) |
Gaston II de GONTAUT (circa 1194-1251)
Married Catherine de Lomagne and issued: Gaston III, Arnaude, Arnaud, and Henri
Gaston III de GONTAUT(1235-1270)
Married Marquèse de BEAUVILLE and issued: Pierre I, Guillaume, Gaston, and Viane
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| La Maison de Beauville (Source 28) |
Pierre I de GONTAUT(1270-1319)
Married Berrane de Thémines and issued: Pierre II, Bégon, Piere (le Jeune), Barthélemy, and Marquèse
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| La Maison de de Thémines (Public Domain) |
Pierre II de GONTAUT (1294-1350)
Married in 1318 to Allemande de MADAILLAN and married a second time to Agnès de PINS and issued: Pierre III, Gaston IV, Roger and André
.svg.png) |
| La Maison de de MADAILLAN (Source 26) |
Barons of Biron
Gaston IV de GONTAUT-BIRON (1324-1394)
Married Marguerite de Biron (1350-1401) and issued: Arnaude, Amairic, and Gaston V
Gaston V de GONTAUT-BIRON (1374-1414)
Married Sibylle de FOUCHER de CHABANNES (1390-1401) and issued: Gaston VI, Jeanne, Arnaud, Catherine, and Isabeau
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| La Maison de FOUCHER (Public Domain) |
Gaston VI de GONTAUT-BIRON (1414-1481)
Married February 15, 1456 with Catherine de SALIGNAC and issued: Pons, Marguerite, Armand, Brandelis, Guy, Jeanne, Catherine, Marguerite la Jeune, and Marguerite-Catherine
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| La Maison de SALIGNAC (Source 26) |
Pons de GONTAUT-BIRON (1460-1524)
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| The Knight Pons de GONTAUT, Seigneur de Biron (Source 36) |
Married in 1489 to Madeleine de ROCHECHOUART (1470-1499)
Married in 1499 to Marguerite de FAUBOURNET de MONTFERRAND (1481-) and issued: Jean and Catherine.
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| La Maison de de FAUBOURNET de MONFERRAND (Public Domain) |
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"Notre-Dame-de-Pitié" (Our Lady of Pity). Knelling are Armand de Gontaut, Bishop of Sarlat and Pons de Gontaut
(Source 11) |
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The tomb of Pons de Biron (Source 34)
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Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON (1498-1519), Bishop of Sarlat
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| Source (11) |
Jean de GONTAUT-BIRON (1502-1557)
Married May 19, 1519 to Renée-Anne de BONNEVAL, Dame de Chef-BOUTONNE (1513) and issued: (Armand, Foucaud, Jeanne, Claude, and Jeanne)
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| La Maison de BONNEVAL (Source 26) |
Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON, dit le Boiteux (1524-1592), Grand maître de l'artillerie (1570), Maréchal de France, Baron de Biron, Seigneur de la Barthe a Saint-Gérons, Monteferrand, Pénieres, et Carbonniéres, Maire de Bordeaux (1577-1581)
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| Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON (1524-1581) Source 8 |
Married on August 6, 1559 Jeanne de Saint-Blancard d'ORNEZAN and issued:
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| La Maison d'ORNEZAN (Public Domain) |
1) Philiberte DE GONTAUT-BIRON (1560- 1610)
2) Charlotte DE GONTAUT-BIRON (1561-1635)
3) Charles DE GONTAUT-BIRON , Duc DE BIRON (1562-1602)
4) Jean II DE GONTAUT-BIRON ( 1565-1636)
5) Armand DE GONTAUT-BIRON (1570)
6) Claude (f) DE GONTAUT-BIRON (1570
7) Louise DE GONTAUT-BIRON
8) Anne DE GONTAUT-BIRON ( 1575-)
Biographical Note:
Armand de GONTOUT-BIRON was a page to Her Majesty, Queen Marguerite de Navarre (1492-1545) and was a friend of the Marshal de Brissac with whom he fount in the Italian campaigns. It was during the Italian wars that he suffered a blow to his leg and become lame for life. That is the reason he was know as Armand Le Boiteux. This accident did not prevent him from continuing his military career. He distinguished himself in several battles such as: Dreux, Saint-Denis, Jarnac, and Moncontour. Armand was rewarded for his courage by being appointed Grand Master of Artillery and the Privy Council of the King of France (Source 8)
He supported Henry III of France (1551-1589) and later Henry of Navarre. He was killed in Epernay on July 26, 1592.
The branch of Armand GONTAUT-BIRON was the one that gave birth to the Viscount Anne-Armand- Elie- de GONTAUT-BIRON (1817-1890). It was the Viscount's daughter who married into the GAIGNERON-MORIN branch of the GAIGNERON family.
Duc de Biron
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| Duc de Biron and Pair de France |
%2C_Circle_of_Daniel_Dumonstier.jpg) |
| Charles de GONTAUT-BIRON (Source 9) |
Charles de GONTAUT-BIRON (1562-1602), Maréchal général des camps et armées du roi, First Duc de Biron (1598), Peer of France, Admiral of France (1592-1594), Baron de Saint-Blancat
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| Charles as Marshal of France (Source 10) |
Biographical Note:
Charles de Gontaut-Biron was greatly loved by Henry IV of France and Navarre (1553 – 1610). Son of Armand de GONTAUT, he fought for the Royal House of France against the "Catholic League" during the War of Religions. Charles was rewarded by Henry IV twice: Admiral of France (1592) and Marshall of France (1594). He was convicted and later executed by the French Parliament of high treason on July 31, 1602. Charles was accused of conspiring to dismember France and proclaim himself king of Burgundy. His life inspired a play in English entitled "The Conspiracy and Tragedy of Charles, Duke of Byron" (1608, 1625) by George Chapman (Source 10)
Died with no legitimate issue. Title of Duke de Biron passed to his nephew (Charles-Armand-Dominique de Gontaut-Biron)
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"Supplice du Maréchal Charles de Gontaut duc de Biron Bastille Paris GRAVURE 1851" |
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| Engraving of the Duke of Biron |
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The life of the the Duke de Biron in German
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Charles-Armand-Dominique de GONTAUT-BIRON, Marquis de Biron, Duc de Biron, Marquis de Saint-Geniès, Count de Gurson et Fleix, Baron d'Ayment et de Lévignac, Maréchal de France, Pair de France (1663-1756)
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| Third Duke de Biron, François-Armand (Source 19) |
Married Agust 12, 1686 Marie-Antoinette Bautru de Nogent, duchesse de Lauzun (1662-1742) and issued:
François, Françoise, Jean-Louise, Judith, Geneviève, Marguerite, Marie-Antoinette, Louis-Antoine, Marie-Renée, Charles, Charles-Antoine, and Charlotte-Antoine
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| La Maison de Bautru de Nogent (Source 26) |
François-Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON, Duc de Biron, Marquis de Gontaut, Baron d'Ayment et de Lévignac, Pair de France (1689-1736)
Married on December 30, 1715 to Marie Adélaide de GRAMONT (1700-1740) and issued: Antoine-Charles (1717-1739), and Louise-Antoinette (1718-1737)
Antoine-Charles de GONTAUT-BIRON, Duc de BIRON, Pair de France (1700-1740)
Died with no posterity. Title of Duke de Biron passed on to his uncle (Louis-Antoine).
Louis-Antoine de GONTAUT-BIRON (1701-1788), Count de Biron, Duc de Biron, Maréchal de France et Colonel de Gardes Françaises, Pair de France
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| Lous-Antoine de GONTAUT-BIRON, Duc de Biron (Source 19) |
.jpg) |
| Louis-Antione, Maréchal de France (Source 20) |
Maried on Feburary 29, 1740 Françoise-Pauline de la ROCHEFOUCAULT, Marquise de Séverac (1723-1794). Died without posterity. His entire state passed on to his brother Charles-Antoine de GONTAUT-Biron.
Charles-Antoine-Armmand de GONTAUT-BIRON, Duc de Biron, de Gontaut, Marquis de Montferrand, Pair de France (1708-1798)
Married on January 21, 1744 Antoinette-Eustachie CROZAT du Châtel (1727-1747) and issued: Armand-Louis (1747-1793)
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| La Maison de CROZAT (Source 25) |
Armand-Louis de GONTAUT-BIRON (1747-1793), Count de Biron, Duc de Lauzun (1766, recreation), Duc de Biron, Maquis de Châtel and Pair de France, Député de la Noblese (1789), Lieutenant Général (1792)
.jpg) |
Armand-Louis de GOUNTAUT, Duc de Biron (Source 21)
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| Armand Louis, Duc de Biron (Source 22) |
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| Armand-Louis, Duc de Birion et Duc de Lauzun (Source Public Domain) |
On Freburary 1766, he married Amélie de BOUFFLERS, Duchesse de LAUZIN (1751-1794)
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| Amélie de Boufflers (Source 24) |
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| La Maison de BOUFFLERS (Source 23) |
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| The palace of the Biron family in Paris (now Musée Rodin) Source 24 |
Marquis de Saint- Blacard
Armand de Gontaut-Biron, (circa 1570)
Married Hippolyte de LAUZIÉRES (c. 1595) and issued: Charles de Gontaut-Biron
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| La Maison de LAUZIÉRES (Source 25) |
Biographical Note:
Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON was the the son of Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON, dit le Boiteux (1524-1592), Grand maître de l'artillerie (1570), Maréchal de France, Baron de Biron, Seigneur de la Barthe a Saint-Gérons, Monteferrand, Pénieres, et Carbonniéres, Maire de Bordeaux (1577-1581) and Jeanne de Saint-Blancard d'ORNEZAN.
Charles de GONTAUT-Biron (1615-1688)
Married on Arpi 8, 1641 to Anne ROGER de COMMINGES and issued: Jean-Louis (1643-1684) and Elizabeth.
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| La Maison de ROGER de COMMINGES (Source 26) |
Jean-Louis de GONTAUT-Biron (1643-1684)
Married in 1681 to Marie-Martine de TIMBRUNE de VALENCE (1660) and issued: Charles-Aymeric
.
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| La Maison de TIMBRUNE de VALENCE (Source 26) |
Charles-Aymeric de Gontaut-Biron, Marquis de Saint Blancard (1682-1757)
Married in 1716 to Jeanne de MUN de CARDEILLAC-SALABOUS and issued: Armand-Alexandre
 | Mun de Cardeillac-Salabous (Source 27)
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Armand-Alexandre de GONTAUT-BIRON (1717-1804), Marquis de Saint-Blacard
Married on March 5, 1744 to Françoise-Madeleine de PREISSAC (1717-1806) and issued: Jean-Armand, Madeleine-Charlotte, Bernarde, Charles-Michel, Louise-Anne
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| La Maison de de PREISSAC (Source 28) |
Jean-Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON, Count de Biron and Marquis de Saint-Blancard (1746-1826)
Married on May 26, 1770 M. Joséphine PALERNE de la MAGDELEINE (1751-1830) and issued: Armand-Louis, and Antoine-Charles-Zacharie
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| La Maison de PALERNE de la MAGDELEINE (Source 26) |
Counts and Viscounts of GONTAUT-BIRON
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| Counts of GONTAUT-Biron (Source 5) |
Aime-Charles-Zacharie-Elizabeth de GONTAUT-BIRON (1776-1840), Count de GONTAUT-BIRON, Marquis de SAINT-BLANCARD, Comte d'Empire, Chambellan de l'Empereur, Depute (1822)
Created Count de GONTAUT-BIRON on August 15, 1810 by the grace of His Imperial Majesty, The Emperor Napoleon I.
Married on November 24, 1812 to Adélaïde Henriette Antoinette Stéphanie, (dite Adèle) de ROHAN-CHABOT
(
1793-1869) and issued:
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| Arms of the ROHAN-CHABOT (Source 6) |
1) Armand-Louis-Henri-Charles-Louis-Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON (1813-1897) married November 11, 1837 to Félicite de BAUFREMONT-COURTENAY, Princess de COURTENAY (1820-1912) and issued:
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| La Maison de BAUFREMONT-COURTENAY(Public Domain) |
2) Alexandre Joseph Roger de GONTAUT-BIRON (1815-1877)
3) Anne Armand Elie de GONTAUT-BIRON (1817-1890)
4) Charles Etienne de GONTAUT-BIRON (1818-1871) married Marie de FIZJAMES (daughter of the Duke de FitzJames, Jacques-Marie-Emanuel) on May 7, 1849 and issued:
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| La Maison de FITZJAMES (Source 31) |
a) Marguerite Armande de Gontaut-Biron (1850-1953)
b) Henriette Sidonie de Gontaut-Biron (1851-1933)
c) Charlotte Josephine de Gontaut-Biron (1852 -1933)
d) Armand Marie Jacques de Gontaut-Biron (1855-1875)
e) Pierre Charles Henri de Gontaut-Biron, Marquis de Saint-Blancard (1859-1939)
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| Pierre-Charles-Henri de GONTAUT-BIRON, Marquis de Saint-Blancard (Source 32) |
5) Charles-Henri de GONTAUT-BIRON (1822-)
6) Marie Flavio Auguste de GONTAUT-BIRON (1833-1894)
Anne-Armand-Elie de GONTAUT-BIRON, Viscount de GONTAUT-BIRON, French Imperial Ambassador to the Kingdom of Prussia (1817-1890)
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| The Viscount Anne-Armand-Elie de Gontaut-Biron (Source 7) |
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The Viscount de Gontaut-Biron
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Married May 31, 1841 to Henriette-Augustine-Marie-Mathilde-Radegonde de L'ESPINAY (1823-1867) and issued:
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| La Maison de l'Espinay (Source 7) |
1) Anne Armande Marie Catherine Caroline de GONTAUT-BIRON (1842-1925)
2) Pierre de GONTAUT-BIRON (1844-1881)
3) Paul Anne Armand Marie Charles de GONTAUT-BIRON (1845-1938)
4) Marie Anne Charlotte Elisabeth Joséphine Marie de GONTAUT-BIRON (1847-1922)
married May 3, 1876 to Archambaud Anatole Paul (1845–1918), 3rd marquis de Talleyrand and issued:
%2C_Cimeti%C3%A8re_d'Auteuil%2C_Paris.jpg) |
| La Maison de TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD(Source 13) |
a) Anne Hélène Alexandrine de TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD 1877-1945
b)
Félicie Elisabeth Marie de TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD 1878-1981 married June
6, 1907 Louis DREYFUS-GONZALEZ de ANDIA (1874-1965) and issued:
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| The Arms of the Gonzalez de ANDIA, Counts of Premio Réal (Source 17) |
- Manuel Gonzalez de ANDIA (1900) married Dona Mercedes de Elio and issued:
- Béatrice GONZALEZ de ANDIA (1933-)
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| President Jacques Chirac with Madame Béatrice de ANDINA (Source 14) |
Biographical Note:
Madame Béatrice
GONZALEZ de ANDIA is known in France for historical preservation. She
was behind the historical preservation of the GONTAUT castle since it
was sold to the local commune in 1978. Thanks to the work of Madame de
ANDIA the castle has been listed as part of the "monument historique de
France" by the French Ministry of Culture (Source 18).
- Louise Jeanne Gonzalez de ANDIA (1910)
c) Hélie Charles Louis de TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD (1882-1968)
d) Alexandre Jean Maurice Paul de TALLEYRAND-PÉRIGORD (1883-1923)
5) Marie Jeanne Louise Caroline Viane Adèle de GONTAUT-BIRON (1848-1938)
married on September 29, 1875 Marc-René de BEAUVAU-CRAON, Pince of Beau-Craon (1816-1883) and issued:
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| La Maison de Beauvau-Craon (Source 33) |
- Henriette (1876-1931)
-Charles (1878-1942), Prince de Beauvau-Craon married Mimmie GREGORINI (1896-1970) and issued
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Maria Cristina PATIÑO, Duchess of Durcal (1932-)
Image Source (Public Domain) |
- Marc (1921-1982) Prince de Beauvau-Craon married Maria Cristina PATIÑO y BORBON, Duchess of Durcal (1932-) and issued (Marie and Diane). He married secondly to Laure du TEMPLE de ROUGEMONT (1942-)
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| La Maison de Bourbon, Ducs de Durcal |
Biographical Note:
Maria Christina Patiño y Borbon, Duchess of Durcal (1932) was the daughter of Bolivian "Tin Baron" Antenor Patiño Rodriguez (1894-1982) and Maria Christina de Borbon, Duchess of Durcal (1913-2002).
6) Jean Armand Marie Charles Emmanuel de GONTAUT-BIRON 1849-1877
7) Joseph Armand Gabriel Marie de GONTAUT-BIRON 1851-1924
8) Félicité Marie Anne Herminie de GONTAUT-BIRON 1852-1941
9) Bernard Marie Armance Ignace de GONTAUT-BIRON 1854-1939
10) Thérèse Anne Marie de GONTAUT-BIRON 1858-1927
11) Armand Marie François René Louis "Xavier" de GONTAUT-BIRON 1859-1897
12) Geneviève de GONTAUT-BIRON 1860-1903
13) Agnès Marie Paule de GONTAUT-BIRON 1862-1941
married on October 23, 1886 Marie Paul Philippe Maxime de GAIGNERON-MORIN (1842-1908), Viscount of GAIGNERON-MORIN
[Note: one of the descendants of this union is the Painter and Art-Critic,
Jean de Gaigneron-Morin]
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| The combined arms of the GAIGNERON and GONTAUT families (Source 12) |
(See La Maison de GAIGNERON-MORIN, Viscounts of Gaigneron-Morin)
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| The Faire Part of the House of Gontaut-Biron |
14) Marie Armand "Gaston" de GONTAUT-BIRON 1863-1895
15) Edmond de GONTAUT-BIRON 1863-1901
Marshals of France
Few noble families have had the distinction multiple times of being named "Marshals of France" as did the Gontaut-Biron. Below is the complete list.
1. Armand de Gontaut, Baron de Biron (1524–1592), Marshal of France in 1577
2.Charles de Gontaut, Duc de Biron (1562–1602), Marshal of France in 1594.
3. Charles de Gontaut, Duke of Biron (1663–1756), Marshal of France in 1734
4.Louis Antoine de Gontaut (1701–1788), Count (afterwards Duke) of Biron, Marshal of France in 1757
Château de Biron
The Château de Biron dates from 1444. It was destroyed by English troops and rebuild by Pons de GONTAUT (1460). The castle stands on the borders of two cities: Périod and Agenais (Source 16).
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| The Castle de Biron (Source 15) |
Pons de GONTAUT was the loyal vassal of Charles VIII, King of France ( 1470 –1498). Together they went on an armed expedition to Italy. During his time in Italy, Pons obtained from Pope Alexander VI (Borgia) permission to erect a private chapel in honor of Our Lay of Pitié.
The rebuild castle included two churhces constructed one over the other. The lower church was meant to be used as a parish church the other one as a private chapel and burial ground for the family. The chapel was dedicated in 1524.
Within the priviate chapel there were many beautfil statues/sculptures. Some of them include
1) Notre-Dame-de-Pitié (see above)
2) "The Deposition" (seven figures that stand around the tomb of Christ)
3) The tomb of Pons de GONTAUT
4) The tomb of Armand de GONTAUT, Bishop of SARLAT
According to the article "Sculptures from the Chatuea de Biron", the most ancient of these sculptures is the Notre-Dame-de Pitié (Source 16, page 135). The theme of the sculpture: the Virgin and the death Christ were not common subjects for French sculptors during the 13th and 14th centuries. Thus, the sculpture is one of the earliest depictions known to date.
Furthermore, "one mus suppose that the Biron sculptor working so far away from the focus of artistic tradition which by this time was on the Loire and Moulins had something of a provincial simplicity in his manner... it remains one of the most important and beautiful expressions of French individuality under Italian influence..." (Source, 16, page 138).
The castle was held by the GONTAUT-BIRON family in the person of Pierre Charles Henri de Gontaut-Biron, Marquis de Saint-Blancard (1859-1939). At some point, J.P. Morgan bough several of above -listed sculptures and donated them, in 1916, to the New York Metropolitan Museum. Perhaps he acquired them from the the Marquis de Saint-Blancard.
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| "The Deposition of Christ" (Source 32) |
___________________________
Sources Consulted
1) Consulted entry "de
Gontaut-
Biron" on the database of the National Library of France (BNF) and retrieved image of the coats of arms of the de
Gontaut-
Biron family from 1763 by Pierre Dufouart. The image is part of the collection of the Medical Faculty in Paris and printed in Les Collections artistiques de la
Faculté de médecine de Paris. Inventaire raisonné par Noé Legrand,
publié par les soins de L. Landouzy. - Paris, 1911.
2) Consulted the online genealogy of the family de Kergorlay on
www.gw.geneanet.org
for information on the Gontaut-Biron family.
3) Consulted "de Gontaut-Biron" entry in Wikipedia in French. We translated from French into English some details about the family.
4) Retrieved from Google books "Histoire généalogique et héraldique des pairs de France: des grands dignitaires de la couronne, des principales familles nobles du royaume et des maisons princières de l'Europe, précédée de la généalogie de la maison de France, Volume 2" by Jean-Baptiste-Pierre-Jullien de COURCELLES (1822). The entire book is available through Google books. Pages 1-33 were used for this blog entry.
5) The blason of the Counts of GONTAUT-Biron was created by Mr. Jimmy NICOLLE and retrieved from Winkimedia.org.
6) The arms of the CHABOT family was retrieved from the Wikipedia entry by the same name.
7) The image of the Viscount Anne-Armand-Elie de GONTAUT-BIRON was taken from his book entitled
8 The image of Armand GONTAUT-BIRON is the courtesy of winkipedia and was retrieved from entry " Armand GONTAUT-BIRON". The Administrator of the Blog paraphrased the biographical entry on "Armand de GONTAUT-BIRON".
9) The image of Charles de Gontaut-Biron is the courtesy of wikipedia (French Edition). Retrieved from the entry "Charlse de Gontaut-Biron" and translated to English by the author of the blog.
10) The image of Charles de Gontaut-Biron as Marshal of France is the courtesy of Wipepdia (French Edition) and retrived from the entry "Famille de GONTAUT BIRON".
11) Information on the "Pieta with donors" comes from the "Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art" Volume XI, March 1913, Number 3. The bulletin has been digitized by Google books. It appears that certain artifacts from the Biron castle were acquired by Mr. J.P. Morgan and later donated to the New York Metropolitan Museum.The color image comes from the public domain.
12) The administrator of the blog is grateful to the templates found on "winkimedia" (possible creation of Jimmy44). The template here is that of Duke and Peer of France. The GONTAUT's highest rank was that of Dukes of BIRON and Peers of France. Thus, it is lawful for a member of the GONTAUT family to use the cornet of Duke and mantle of Peer of France. In our own modification of the template on "winkimedia" we added the arms of the Gaigneron and Gontaut.
13) The image of the coat of arms of the TALLEYRAND family was retrieved from Wikipedia in French entry for TALLEYRAND (http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maison_de_Talleyrand-P%C3%A9rigord).
14) Picture of President Jacques CHIRAC and Madame de ANDINA is of public domain and was retrieved from "Les actualités" (http://lesactualitesdelachatonniere.hautetfort.com/tag/invalides).
15) The image of the castle de Biron was taken from the Wikipedia entry "Chateau de Biron" and retrieved from the french version of Wikipedia.
16) Information on the Castle de Biron was taken from the article, "Sculptures from the Chateau de Biron" published in the Bulletin of the Metropolitan Museum of Art (135-140) and retrieved in digital format from "Jstor" online archive. The same the journal exists in digital form through "GoogleBooks".
17) The arms of the Counts of Premio Réal was retrieved from the webpage "Conde de Premio Real" (http://condedepremioreal.homestead.com/Titulares.html).
18) Entry in the English version of Wikipedia "Chateau de Biron" (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C3%A2teau_de_Biron).
19) The image of Louis-Antoine de GONTAUT Biron was retrieved from the website "Structures adminsitratives" (http://belcikowski.org/ladormeuseblogue3/?p=2533).
20) The image of Lois-Antoine de GONTAUT-Biron was retrived from the French Winkipedia entry by the same name (http://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Antoine_de_Gontaut-Biron).
21) The image of Armand-Louis de GOUNTAUT, Duc de Biron was retrieved from Wikipedia. Entry by the same name.
22) The image of the Duke de Biron comes from the book entitled "Memoirs de Armand-Louis de Gontaut-Biron, duc de" (1912). The book has been digitalized by Gooblebooks and is now available. It contains 362 pages.
23) The coat of arms of the House of BOUFFLERS was taken from the French Wikipedia by the same entry name.
24) The engraved image of Amélie de Boufflers was taken from the website "Madame Guillotine" (http://madameguillotine.org.uk/2010/01/11/amelie-de-boufflers-duchesse-de-lauzun/).
25) Coat of Arms of the LAUZIÉRES family is the courtesy of Arnaud BUNE (copyright 1997-2011). Retrieved from the page "Grands Maitres de l'Artillerie" (http://www.heraldique-europeenne.org/Regions/France/Grand_Maitre_Artillerie.htm). Please note that this is the possible arms of that family.
26) The following arms were retrieved from "Wikipedia" entry by the same name 1) ROGER de COMMINGES, 2) TIMBRUNE de VALENCE, 3) de la
Magdelaine, 4) de Beynac, 5)
de MADAILLAN, 6) de SALIGNAC, 7) de BONNEVAL
27) The "Blog Administrator" would like to thank the author of the webpage "Passion Bio" for the usage of the arms of the family of de CARDAILLAC and Mr. Marie-Pierre MANET (http://www.passion-bigorrehp.org/baroncardaillac.html).
28) The coat of arms of the family de PREISSAC was retrieved from the website "GENEAGIL" (http://erwan.gil.free.fr/index.php?mod=freepages&pageid=92). We also made use of the blason of the BEAUVILLE familly. The Blog Admnistrator recognizes that fair-use has been made of the blasons contained therein and gives full credit for their origin/design/reproduction.
29) The image of the coat of arms of the d'ORNEZAN is the courtesy of "Pinterest" (http://www.pinterest.com/pin/456411743456748085/)
30) The image of the coat of arms of the House of de FOUCHER de CHABANNES was retrieved from the website "Gneaologie..." (http://genealogie.deprelledelanieppe.be/individual.php?pid=I8124&ged=prellenieppe)
31) La Maison de
FITZJAMES has two branches: a Spansh one and a French. Both are of Anglo origin. The French branch, which originates from James FitzJames (1670 – 1734), was presented by Jacques de FITZJAMES (1886-1967). On the other hand, the Spanish branch is represented by Cayetana FitzJames Stuart. The coat of arm of the French branch was taken from "Winkipedia". Also, please consult webpage "The Peerage" (http://www.thepeerage.com/p8757.htm#i87563).
32) "The Deposition of Christ" was retrieved from the image archives of the New York Metropolitan Museum of Art an the image of the "Marquis de Biron" where also taken from the same site (http://www.metmuseum.org/collection/the-collection-online/search/338233).
33) The coat of arms of the House of Beauvau-Craon is the courtesy of Wikipedia.
34) The image of the tomb of Pons de Biron was taken from the Wikipedia.
Updated 9.26.20
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